- Data Science

Pandas. Flexible and powerful data analysis/manipulation library for Python.
https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas

NumPy. The fundamental package for scientific computing with Python.
https://github.com/numpy/numpy

SciPy. Fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python.
https://github.com/scipy/scipy

Seaborn. Statistical data visualization in Python.
https://github.com/mwaskom/seaborn

Matplotlib. A comprehensive library for creating static, animated, and interactive visualizations.
https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib


- Machine Learning

scikit-learn. Machine learning in Python.
https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn

PyTorch. Tensors and Dynamic neural networks in Python with strong GPU acceleration.
https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch

TensorFlow. An Open Source Machine Learning Framework for Everyone.
https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow

Keras. Deep Learning for humans.
https://github.com/keras-team/keras


- MLOPS (Machine Learning Operations)

MLflow. Open source platform for the machine learning lifecycle.
https://github.com/mlflow/mlflow

Kubeflow. The Machine Learning toolkit for Kubernetes.
https://github.com/kubeflow/kubeflow


- Explainable AI (XAI)

SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations). A game theoretic approach to explain the output of any machine learning model.
https://github.com/shap/shap


- Text Processing

spaCy. Industrial-strength Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Python.
https://github.com/explosion/spaCy

TextBlob. Sentiment analysis, part-of-speech tagging, noun phrase extraction, translation, and more.
https://github.com/sloria/TextBlob


- Image Processing

OpenCV. Open Source Computer Vision Library.
https://github.com/opencv/opencv-python

scikit-image. Image processing in Python.
https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image


- Web Framework

Django. The Web framework for perfectionists with deadlines.
https://github.com/django/django

Flask. The Python micro framework for building web applications.
https://github.com/pallets/flask

FastAPI. FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production.
https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi


- Web Scraping

Scrapy. Fast high-level web crawling & scraping framework for Python.
https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy

Selenium. A browser automation framework and ecosystem.
https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium